By Zoe Todd  Associate Professor The United Nations Biodiversity Conference (COP15) wrapped up in Montreal on Sunday. The ratification of the so-called 30×30 proposal to protect 30 per cent of the Earth’s territories by 2030 was a central focus during the 12 days of negotiations at the international summit. Canada is an enthusiastic supporter of the global 30×30 plan, which is championed by a host of nations and international environmental NGOs like The Nature Conservancy and the World Wildlife Fund.   However, in order to achieve its national targets, Canada is relying heavily on Indigenous Protected and Conserved Areas (IPCAs),  all under the guise of “federally-supported Indigenous-led conservation”.   As a Red River Metis person and a researcher on freshwater fish futures and Indigenous sovereignty, I believe that these top-down

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